Breast Cancer among Cancer Patients Visiting the Department of Internal Medicine of a Tertiary Centre.

Introduction: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide both in terms of incidence and mortality. Its incidence has been on an increasing trend in developing nations including Nepal, however, there is very limited evidence of its demographic profile in our setting. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of breast cancer among cancer patients visiting the Department of Internal Medicine of a tertiary centre. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among cancer patients visiting the Department of Internal Medicine of a tertiary care centre using retrospectively collected data from 1 August 2022 to 30 July 2023 after obtaining ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee. Histopathologically confirmed cancer patients were included and those with incomplete and duplicated data were excluded. A convenience sampling method was used. The point estimate was calculated at a 95% Confidence Interval. Results: Among 2067 cancer patients, the prevalence of breast cancer was 102 (4.93%) (4.00-5.87, 95% Confidence Interval). The mean age was 50.51±2.08 years. The most commonly affected age group was 40 to 60 years constituting 61 (59.80%) patients. Histologically, invasive breast cancer of no special type was the most common and was found in 91 (89.22%) patients. Conclusions: The prevalence of breast cancer was similar to other studies done in similar settings. Keywords: breast cancer; cross-sectional study; demography; malignancy; prevalence.

Adenosquamous Carcinoma of Gallbladder with Unusual Prognosis: A Case Report.

The adenosquamous carcinoma of the gallbladder is a rare variant accounting for only 1-4% of all primary gallbladder carcinoma. Regardless of the histological types, all gallbladder carcinomas have silent and rapid progression resulting in delayed diagnosis and poor prognosis. Even with medical and/or surgical interventions, the median survival of patients with adenosquamous carcinoma, one of the histological variants, is less than a year. However, we present a case of adenosquamous carcinoma with an unusually better prognosis. A 70-year-old female patient, after being diagnosed with gallbladder carcinoma was suggested for surgical resection but was lost to follow-up since then. Two years later, the patient presented and was managed with extended cholecystectomy. The slow progression and non-recurrence of the tumour during follow-up for two years after the surgery indicates a better prognosis in this case. Keywords: carcinoma; case reports; cholecystectomy; prognosis.

IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis, a mimicker of the cholangiocarcinoma: A case report.

An 83-year-old-male patient presented with obstructive jaundice, whose imagings were consistent with the cholangiocarcinoma of the distal common bile duct. The tumor markers were within normal limits. IgG4 level was raised; therefore, IgG4-sclerosing cholangitis was made as the provisional diagnosis. Steroid therapy was started to which he responded well.